抄録

　1960年代から70年代前半にかけて, 世田谷区内では農地の急速な宅地化が進行した.宅地化は私鉄による沿線開発, デベロッパーによる大規模商業施設の開発, そして旺盛な住宅需要に牽引された.この過程で区内農家は大部分の農地を売り渡したが, 多くの農家は所有農地の一部を保有したまま賃貸住宅に転換し, 家賃収入を主要な収入源のひとつとするようになっていった.世田谷区農業委員会は区内農地の保護に尽力し, 不動産企業による賃貸住宅の建設や農地改革による創設自作農地の宅地化に強い抵抗を示した.しかし創設自作農地以外の農地において, 農家がアパート等の賃貸経営に参入することは黙認せざるを得ず, 60年代賃貸住宅建設の多くが「農家」経営の一環として行われる背景となった.都市計画法の線引きにより区内が市街化区域となった後は, 委員会の転用阻止機能は失われ, 賃貸を含め, 中小不動産企業による住宅化が活発化した.農業委員会の関心は専ら農地の宅地並み課税問題に収斂していった.

abstract

From 1960s to early 1970s, the farmland has developed into housing lots rapidly in Setagaya ward. It has progressed by development of area along railway-tracks by the railroad company, also growth of large-scale commercial facilities by developer, and vigorous housing demand. In this process, the majority of farmer sold off a part of their owned farmland. On the other hand, many farmers were still held the land in order to make the rental housing, and came to obtain the house rent income. Setagaya Ward Agricultural Committee made an effort to protect the farmland in the ward. For example, they opposed to the construction of the rental housing by the real estate enterprise and development of farmland created by land reform for housing. Nevertheless, it could not help convincing to the farmer to make the rental housing except the farmland created by land reform. Therefore, many rental housing had constructed in 1960s as part of farmer's management. After the area became the urban district by the Town Planning Act, Committee was unable to stop the development of farmland for housing lots, and many companies made the housing actively. Afterwards, Committee's interest converged on taxation ; whether farmland was taxable as same level as housing land or not.